In turbulent flow, which chart is utilized to determine the friction factor (f)?

In turbulent flow, which chart is utilized to determine the friction factor (f)?

• A. Bernoulli's chart
• B. Hazen-Williams chart
• C. Moody's chart
• D. Darcy-Weisbach chart

Answer: (C)

The friction factor in turbulent flow is determined using Moody's chart. This chart provides a graphical representation that allows engineers to relate the friction factor to the Reynolds number and the relative roughness of a pipe. In turbulent flow, the friction factor is not a single constant but varies based on the flow conditions and the characteristics of the pipe. Moody's chart incorporates both laminar and turbulent flow ranges, providing a comprehensive tool for various situations. The integration of the Reynolds number with relative roughness on this chart enables users to accurately assess the friction losses in pipe systems, an essential aspect in fluid mechanics, especially in civil engineering applications related to transport and hydraulics. Other charts, such as Bernoulli's chart, which is used for energy balance in flow systems, the Hazen-Williams chart, primarily focused on estimating head loss in water flow in pipes with turbulent flow, and the Darcy-Weisbach equation itself, which gives a formula for calculating head loss, do not serve the specific purpose of determining the friction factor in a visual manner as Moody's chart does.

The friction factor in turbulent flow is determined using Moody's chart. This chart provides a graphical representation that allows engineers to relate the friction factor to the Reynolds number and the relative roughness of a pipe.

In turbulent flow, the friction factor is not a single constant but varies based on the flow conditions and the characteristics of the pipe. Moody's chart incorporates both laminar and turbulent flow ranges, providing a comprehensive tool for various situations.

The integration of the Reynolds number with relative roughness on this chart enables users to accurately assess the friction losses in pipe systems, an essential aspect in fluid mechanics, especially in civil engineering applications related to transport and hydraulics.

Other charts, such as Bernoulli's chart, which is used for energy balance in flow systems, the Hazen-Williams chart, primarily focused on estimating head loss in water flow in pipes with turbulent flow, and the Darcy-Weisbach equation itself, which gives a formula for calculating head loss, do not serve the specific purpose of determining the friction factor in a visual manner as Moody's chart does.